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How does a Turbo work?
I know in terms of what a turbo charger does.... uses exhaust to power compresser.. blah blah blah i got that down to a mathamatical science. What i want to know where the exhaust goes. From the exhaust ports, into the header/manifold. Now it goes into the turbo (or waste gate, depending on pressure), and from the it goes out..... ????
Does it have anpther pipe coming out of the charger?
And from what i hear, some of the gases are recycled back into the engine. how does it get to the exhaust system( muffler, etc.) and at what part of it does it re-enter the exhaust system, (where the headers left off?, downpipe, an adapter?)
And correct me if i'm wrong. On the other side of the turbo, the air is pushed out the outlit pipe and then goes to the intercooler then to intake manifold. Is there or can there be my cold air intake into this. Is it needed?
The Basics....
Air entering the engine first passes through an exhaust driven compressor. Compressed air results in a larger quantity of air being forced into the engine, creating more power.
The energy used to drive the turbo compressor is extracted from waste exhaust gasses. As exhaust gasses leave the engine they are directed through a wheel placed in the exhaust flow. The gasses drive the turbine wheel around, which is directly connected via a shaft, to the compressor wheel.
Increased exhaust gas drives the turbine wheel faster, this provides the engine more air, producing more power. A limit is met once a pre-determined boost pressure is achieved. At this point the exhaust gas is redirected away from the turbine wheel, thus slowing it down and limiting the maximum boost pressure. This redirection valve is known as the wastegate.
This extraction of energy, from exhaust gas, to improve engine efficiency is the device known as the turbocharger.
Turbochargers are usually seen as power enhancements on performance cars, but today, turbochargers are becoming more regularly used to provide greater torque on small capacity engines. The advantages of using a turbo engine include improved fuel efficiency and reduced exhaust emissions.
The main components of a turbocharger are:
Compressor housing and wheel
Bearing Housing
Turbine wheel
Journal bearings
Thrust bearings
Turbine housing
Wastegate
Actuator
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